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House of Representatives Chamber Reporters Stool

Discover John Smith Murdoch: Scottish architect & designer of iconic Australian buildings like Canberra Parliament House. Explore his government designs & artistic legacy.

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Blackwood bench stool with re-upholstered green leather sprung padded top; plain apron with raised circles above legs; block capped square section tapering legs on later added slides.The reporters stool is still located in the House of Representatives Chamber where it was used by Hansard Reporters between 1927 and 1988. This stool was designed in 1926 by the Federal Capital Commission Architects Department, led by principal architect John Smith Murdoch, specifically for the Provisional Parliament House. Murdoch’s design for this reporter’s stool and the other Chamber furniture was inspired by the Westminster system of Parliament and the green and red colours of the two Chambers reflect the colour scheme of the lower and upper houses in Britain. This reporter’s stool and the majority of the ceremonial furniture in both Chambers were built by Beard Watson & Co Ltd. The stool is made out of leather supplied by Howe Bros of Preston, Victoria.This stool was used by Hansard Reporters in the House of Representatives Chamber when Parliament was in session. The term ‘Hansard’ refers to the transcripts of the speeches given in the Commonwealth Parliament and comes from Thomas Hansard, a publisher who printed the reports of the proceedings in the British House of Commons in the early 19th Century. As it was the official account of proceedings it was important to record all that was said when Parliament was in session and to ensure that the transcripts were factual and complete.A team of nine Parliamentary Reporters was assigned to the House of Representatives Chamber when it was in session. Each reporter had a five or ten minute shift recording the proceedings in the Chamber. During their shift, the reporter would sit on this stool at the end of the large table (1999-1431) in the centre of the room. They would record everything that was said in shorthand (an abbreviated writing method), using paper and pen. When their turn was nearly over the next reporter would enter the Chamber and sit next to them on the stool. Once there was an appropriate break in the proceedings or in the speech being delivered, the new reporter would say ‘okay’ or tap the table and the other reporter would leave the Chamber. This stool was used in order to facilitate quick changeovers, as it was imperative that the reporters recorded everything that was said. Bernie Harris, a Hansard reporter at the Provisional Parliament House from April 2nd 1964 (and Chief Hansard Reporter from 1990 to 2002), remembers the stool being knocked over three times during this changeover. The reporter then had to stand, still writing, until an attendant came and up righted the stool (Harris, Bernie, Interview with Freya Clawley, 2011).Once their turn recording the proceedings was over, the Hansard reporter would return to the Hansard office, which was located in the Provisional Parliament House (initially in the front east corner of the lower floor, later on the third floor of the Senate wing), and dictate their notes to a high speed typist. This ?proof? would be typed onto paper with carbon copies (four copies in total for Question Time and three copies for other proceedings). The copies consisted of a white copy that was sent to the Government Printing Office, a pink copy for Senators (also referred to as ‘pinks’), a green copy for Members (also referred to as ‘greens’) and a yellow copy that was kept by Hansard staff. The reporter then took the white copy, checked all the details such as names and quotes were correct, and marked it up for the Government Printer. This was also checked by a supervisor for editorial purposes. This whole process happened in 40 minutes. At the end of the 45 minutes from commencing the turn, the reporter returned to the Chamber, and the cycle started again.Before the white copy of the proceedings was sent to the Government Printer, the pink or green copy (depending on whether it had been recorded in the Senate or House of Representatives Chamber) needed to be checked by the Senator or Member who had delivered the speech. The appropriate copy was rolled up and inserted into a Lamsom tube container, which was then delivered via pneumatic tubes to the Chamber. The Member or Senator would then make amendments on the copy and send it back to the Parliamentary Reporting Staff office. However, if they had already left the Chamber the document would be delivered to them. The Member or Senator then placed the copy with their amendments into a box (1999-1331) in King?s Hall so it could be collected by an attendant and taken to the office. Minor amendments were accepted by the Parliamentary Reporting Staff and recorded on the white copy, but politicians were not allowed to rewrite the document. Once this process had been completed the white copy was sent off, via pneumatic tubes, to the Government Printing Office to be printed.

作家の略歴

The Architect of a Nation's Soul

John Smith Murdoch stands as a pivotal figure in the architectural history of Australia, recognized primarily for his leadership role at the Commonwealth Public Works Department and, crucially, for designing Canberra’s Parliament House—a building that embodies the nation's ideals of and civic grandeur. Born in Scotland in 1862, Murdoch’s formative years instilled within him a profound appreciation for classical design principles and meticulous craftsmanship, influences that would permeate his entire career. His journey from the intellectual landscapes of Glasgow University to the burgeoning administrative heart of a young Australian nation is a testament to a life dedicated to the marriage of functionality and aesthetic beauty.

Murdoch’s early connection to the Glasgow School of Art, where he served as a janitor, provided him with an unexpected yet invaluable vantage point. This role allowed him to observe firsthand the evolving landscape of architectural innovation and the importance of public service, fostering a dedication to formal education and design that would later define his professional ethos. When he arrived in Australia, he brought with him a refined sensibility that sought to distance the new nation from its colonial past, aiming instead to establish a modern center of government through the language of Stripped Classical design.

A Legacy Carved in Stone and Timber

The ascent of Murdoch’s career began in earnest in 1904 when he was appointed Chief Architect for the newly established Commonwealth Public Works Department. Under his stewardship, the department undertook ambitious projects aimed at shaping Canberra, a deliberate effort to create a capital that reflected Australian identity. His most enduring achievement remains the design of the Provisional Parliament House, which served as the home of the Australian Parliament from 1927 to 1988. This project was not merely about masonry and mortar; it was an exercise in creating a space for democracy.

Murdoch’s brilliance extended far beyond the structural shells of buildings, reaching into the very furniture that facilitated the nation's governance. His design philosophy embraced a cohesive aesthetic that unified the architecture with its interior elements:

  • The Senate Chamber Bench Seat: A masterpiece of functional elegance, featuring red leather upholstery and blackwood construction, designed to accommodate the unique semicircular arrangement of the Senate.
  • The House of Representatives Chamber Reporters Stool: A piece that utilized Australian blackwood and green leather, reflecting a commitment to local materials and the dignity of parliamentary proceedings.
  • The Vice Regal Chair: An imposing symbol of authority, adorned with acanthus leaf scrolls and a crown, illustrating Murdoch's ability to blend ceremonial grandeur with precise craftsmanship.

The Stripped Classical Vision

In an era of heavy ornamentation, Murdoch championed a style known as Stripped Classical. This approach eschewed the excessive flourishes of old-world Europe in favor of a clean, pragmatic elegance that spoke to the needs of a developing, modern nation. The Museum of Australian Democracy at Old Parliament House stands as a profound example of this vision, where a three-story brick facade communicates strength and stability without the need for superficial decoration. This architectural language was essential in creating a sense of permanence for a country still finding its footing on the global stage.

Throughout his career, Murdoch remained a figure of quiet influence and immense dedication. His work at the Federal Capital Commission and his leadership in the Architects Department allowed him to shape the physical landscape of Canberra, ensuring that the nation's capital was not just a collection of offices, but a cohesive architectural statement. Even as the world transitioned through the early 20th century, Murdoch’s commitment to the principles of functionality, clarity, and civic pride ensured that his designs would remain the foundational heartbeat of Australian democratic life for generations.

john smith murdoch

john smith murdoch

1862 - 1945 , Scotland

プロフィール概要

  • Artistic Movement Or Style: Architecture
  • Artists Or Movements Influenced By This Artist: ['']
  • Artists Who Influenced This Artist: ['']
  • Date Of Birth: 1862
  • Date Of Death: 1945
  • Full Name: John Smith Murdoch
  • Nationality: Scottish
  • Notable Artworks: ['Canberra Parliament House']
  • Place Of Birth: Scotland