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Each of these four landscapes imitates the style of one of the four great literati painters of the late Yuan dynasty. The painter Wang Yuanqi (1642– 1715) made extensive use of cracked lines created by a dry brush to create a distinctive expression despite basing these four paintings on the works of the four earlier figures: from the right, Huang Gongwang (alias Dachi, 1269–1354), Wang Meng (alias Huanghe Shanqiao, ca. 1308–1385), Wu Zhen (alias Zhonggui, 1280–1354), and Ni Zan (alias Yunlin, 1301–1374). This work reflects the inner qualities of Siwang Wuyun of the early Qing dynasty.Wang Yuanqi was from Taicang in Jiangsu province. His also used the name Maojing, and his alias was Lutai. He was the grandson of Wang Shimin (1592–1680). In 1670 (Kangxi 9), he passed the civil service examination and was then responsible for the appraisal of paintings for the Qing court. In addition, he was the editor-compiler of the imperially commissioned Peiwenzhai shuhuapu (Catalog of Calligraphy and Painting from the Peiwen Studio). Wang Hui established the Yushan school, and Wang Yuanqi established the Loudong school of painting.The two scrolls in imitation of Huang and Wang make use of ink and pale colors, and the two scrolls that imitate Wu and Ni only make use of ink alone. The painting technique is characterized by a dry brush with a minimal use of pale ink that is then pressed or rubbed on the paper, the mountains being given form through the contrast of the black shadows against the white. With the exception of the painting after Ni Zan, the remaining three titles recall the painters Dong Yuan (?–ca. 962) and Juran (n.d.), who were active from the Five Dynasties to the Northern Song dynasty, thus conveying his desire to come in touch with the very pinnacle of Chinese landscape painting by working back through the four great masters of the Yuan to Song dynasty.

アーティストの略歴

Wang Yuanqi: A Master of Qing Dynasty Landscape

Early Life and Education

Wang Yuanqi (王原祁) was born in 1642 in Taicang, Jiangsu province, China.
He came from a family with a strong artistic tradition; his grandfather, Wang Shimin, was a renowned painter of the early Qing dynasty.
Yuanqi received rigorous training in painting from his grandfather, laying the foundation for his future artistic endeavors.
His style name was 'Mao-ching' and his sobriquet was 'Lu-t’ai'.

Career as a Court Official

Wang Yuanqi rose to prominence as a court official during the Qing dynasty, beginning shortly after its establishment in 1644.
He served with distinction and was eventually appointed curator of the imperial collection under the Kangxi Emperor.
This position granted him access to a vast array of artworks, further enriching his artistic knowledge and influencing his style.
He remained a court official throughout his long career, balancing administrative duties with his passion for painting until his death in 1715 at age 73.

Artistic Style and Influences

Wang Yuanqi is considered one of the “Six Masters of the early Qing period,” also known as the ‘Four Wangs, a Wu and a Yun’.
He was a leading figure in the 'Orthodox School' (正统派) of Chinese landscape painting.
His landscapes drew inspiration from Yuan dynasty artists who moved away from the highly realistic depictions favored during the Northern Song period.
A key influence on his work was Huang Gongwang, particularly in the use of dry brush strokes, ink washes, and a sophisticated approach to color.
He skillfully integrated color patterns into his compositions, complementing abstract designs with rhythmic color flows.

Major Works and Achievements

Notable works include Landscape in the Style of Huang Gongwang (1711), currently held in Singapore’s Asian Civilisations Museum.
His rendition of Wang Wei's eighth-century hand scroll, The Wang River Villa, is housed in the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York City.
Other significant paintings include “The Fuchun Mountains”, “Landscape for Zhanting” and numerous landscapes after the Four Great Yuan Masters.
He excelled at recreating the styles of earlier masters while imbuing his works with a unique personal touch.

Historical Significance

Wang Yuanqi played a crucial role in shaping the development of Chinese landscape painting during the Qing dynasty.
His adherence to and refinement of the Orthodox School established a standard for generations of artists.
He helped preserve and promote traditional artistic values while also demonstrating innovative techniques in composition and color usage.
His work continues to be celebrated for its technical mastery, aesthetic beauty, and historical importance within the context of Chinese art history.

Wang Yuanqi

1642 - 1715 , China

基本情報

Birth Date: 1642
Birth Place: Taicang, China
Death Date: 1715
Influenced By: Wang Shimin, Huang Gongwang
Movement: Orthodox School
Name: Wang Yuanqi
Nationality: Chinese
Notable Works:
- Landscape in the Style of Huang Gongwang
- Wangchuan Villa
- The Fuchun Mountians

Landscape, after the Four Great Yuan Masters

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