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Kul-e Farah relief I, line drawing of Hanni of Ayapir presiding over the ceremony

The finely executed and acutely detailed Kul-e Farah I relief was the last of the monumental Elamite reliefs carved in the Izeh/Malamir valley. Consequently, it assimilated various aspects of the reliefs that preceded it. Amongst the borrowed elements were the long male braid with knobbed end, frontally displayed torso, and hieratic worshiping gesture with hands clasped at the waist, which typified the 12th century Shutrukid royal iconography displayed at the cave sanctuary of Shekaft-e Salman. Evidently the artisans who produced Kul-e Farah I sought to integrate its visual characteristics into well established artistic, socio-political, and religious traditions.

javier álvarez mon (1969 –)

Javier Álvarez-Mon is a Spanish archaeologist & historian specializing in Elamite civilization (4200-525 BC). Renowned for his research on ancient Near Eastern art, culture, and the origins of Persia. Explore his publications & artwork.

Macquarie University (Sydney, Australia)

Discover Macquarie University Museum in Sydney! Explore Australian & ancient history, art galleries, and biological sciences exhibits – all with free entry. A cultural hub blending innovation & education.

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