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The Goddess Fortuna Bestowing her Gifts, Simon Flocquet (attributed to), c. 1645

  • Creation date1645
  • Dimensions74.0 x 105.0 cm

Attributed Baroque painter Simon Flocquet is known for his allegorical scenes like 'The Goddess Fortuna Bestowing her Gifts,' showcasing rich detail and classical influence; discover the captivating world of this 17th-century artist.

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In the centre the naked goddess Fortuna stands on a sphere placed on a column decorated with an antique relief of a sacrifice. A white man pushes away a black man from his favoured position at her feet. The goddess scatters valuables to her own right – coins, a purse, a winged slide trombone, a lance, a tazza and a goblet. Below the lucky ones rejoice, while some gather up her gifts. At the base of the column are a cittern, lute and music scores. To her left are the unlucky ones bemoaning their fate beneath a burning castle on a hilly outcrop. Although acquired as by the Dutch artist Adriaen Pietersz van de Venne (1589-1662) – an artist in whom the owner Daniel Francken (1838-1898) took a particular interest – and attributed by him to either of Adriaen’s sons, Hubert or Pieter,13 the present painting was assigned in the 1903 catalogue to an anonymous Dutch master. Only in 1992 was it correctly described as being Flemish, being then attributed to Cornelis de Baeilleur (sic) (active 1625-d. 1671). But the facial types seem not to be those of this Antwerp master.14 The artist would rather appear to be the same as that responsible for the paintings decorating the small cabinet acquired by the North Carolina Museum of Art in 1999.15 And indeed another painting by the same hand was on the New York market in 2014.16 The landscapes in these works appear to be by different collaborators. It was Sutton who attributed the paintings decorating the cabinet to Simon Flocquet,17 by whom only one signed painting is so far known.18 In the Rijksmuseum painting, however, the landscape is differently handled, and the faces and bodies are more delicately rendered.19 The style is reminiscent perhaps of Adriaen van Stalbemt (1580-1662)20 whereas in the paintings decorating the cabinet it is akin more to that associated with Willem van Herp (c. 1614-1677),21 who joined the guild three/four years after Flocquet. But Sutton’s proposal may well be correct. It seems best, as Sutton himself recognized, to qualify the attribution, especially as it is made on the basis of a comparison with only one painting. Hence the Rijksmuseum painting is given the same appellation, ‘attributed to Simon Flocquet’, while it is recognized that the landscape is the work of another hand. Some details in the costumes suggest a date of execution of the present painting of about 1645. The flat, linen collars worn by the man comforting the woman, bottom right, and by the man grasping the legs of the goddess as well as their circular, buff-coloured hats appear in paintings by David Teniers II (1610-1690) of 1643 and 1644.22 The support of west German or Netherlandish oak would have been ready for use from 1628 or more plausibly from ten years later. The composition bears some resemblance to the small, upright copper in the centre of the North Carolina cabinet showing the Triumph of Cupid, in which the god stands atop a column with prostrate humans beneath. Thematically related are the print by Jan Harmensz Muller (1571-1628) of 1590 after Cornelis Cornelisz van Haarlem (1562-1638),23 and the painting by Frans Francken II (1581-1642) at Compiègne of circa 1615.24 In fact the print must have been known to the artist as the gifts, scattered by Fortuna and the child on the mother’s shoulders, left, are directly derived from it.25 The Francken also includes the motif of burning buildings on the unlucky right-hand side of the composition. The goddess is depicted, following convention, standing on a sphere, her veil billowing in the wind.26 The configuration of a white man roughly disposing of a black man for a privileged place close to the goddess is, however, exceptional. This motif may display a particular social context. The contest would appear to be echoed by the hound warning off the swan in the foreground. Sources for these central components of the composition have not been identified. Gregory Martin, 2022

Artist Biography

A Shadow of Fortune: The Enigmatic World of Simon Flocquet (Attributed To)

The name Simon Flocquet resonates with a quiet mystery within the annals of 17th-century French art. While concrete biographical details remain elusive, his attributed works – most notably *The Goddess Fortuna Bestowing her Gifts* – offer compelling glimpses into a skilled artist deeply engaged with classical iconography and Baroque sensibilities. Flocquet’s existence is largely defined by attribution; few paintings are definitively signed, leading scholars to cautiously label him as “attributed to,” yet the consistency of style across several canvases suggests a singular hand at play. He appears to have been active around 1645, a period brimming with artistic innovation and patronage in France, though pinpointing his exact place within the Parisian art scene proves challenging. The scarcity of documentation only adds to the allure surrounding this artist, inviting speculation about his training, influences, and potential connections to more prominent masters of the era.

Classical Echoes and Baroque Flourishes

Flocquet’s artistic language is immediately recognizable for its blend of classical composure and dynamic Baroque energy. *The Goddess Fortuna Bestowing her Gifts* exemplifies this fusion beautifully. The central figure, a richly adorned Fortuna, embodies the Roman goddess of luck and prosperity. Her gesture – scattering coins and gifts upon eager recipients – speaks to the capricious nature of fortune itself. However, unlike some more overtly dramatic Baroque compositions, Flocquet’s work maintains a certain restraint. The figures are not caught in moments of extreme emotional upheaval; instead, they exhibit a dignified acceptance of their fate, whether blessed or wanting. This balance suggests an influence from earlier Renaissance and Mannerist traditions, perhaps filtered through the lens of contemporary French classicism championed by artists like Nicolas Poussin. The composition itself is carefully structured, with a clear focal point and balanced distribution of light and shadow, indicative of a strong understanding of pictorial principles.

Themes of Prosperity and Divine Favor

The recurring theme of Fortuna in Flocquet’s attributed paintings points to the desires and anxieties of his likely clientele – members of the burgeoning merchant class or those seeking favor within the royal court. Images of prosperity, abundance, and divine blessing were potent symbols during this period, reflecting a society preoccupied with social mobility and economic success. The artist skillfully employed allegorical figures and symbolic objects to convey these messages. Coins represent wealth, cornucopias signify plenty, and celestial imagery alludes to the benevolent influence of fate or higher powers. It’s plausible that Flocquet catered specifically to patrons who wished to visually articulate their aspirations for good fortune and social standing. The paintings weren't merely decorative; they were statements of intent, imbued with a hopeful optimism about the future.

A Place Within the French Baroque Landscape

Determining Flocquet’s precise position within the broader context of 17th-century French art remains an ongoing scholarly endeavor. He was undoubtedly working during a period dominated by giants like Poussin, Claude Lorrain, and Charles Le Brun. While he doesn't share their monumental scale or historical subject matter, his paintings reveal a similar commitment to classical ideals and refined technique. Some scholars suggest possible connections to the workshop of Simon Vouet, a leading figure in Parisian art who fostered a generation of talented painters. However, without more definitive evidence, such claims remain speculative. What is clear is that Flocquet possessed a distinct artistic voice – one characterized by elegant compositions, subtle emotionality, and a masterful handling of light and color. His work offers a fascinating glimpse into the diverse currents flowing within the French Baroque landscape, representing a lesser-known but nonetheless significant strand of artistic expression.

The Enduring Appeal of an Unknown Master

Despite the uncertainties surrounding his life and career, Simon Flocquet (attributed to) continues to captivate art enthusiasts with the beauty and intrigue of his paintings. *The Goddess Fortuna Bestowing her Gifts*, in particular, stands as a testament to his skill and artistic vision. The painting’s enduring appeal lies not only in its aesthetic qualities but also in the sense of mystery it evokes. Who was this artist? What were his aspirations? And what other masterpieces might remain hidden, awaiting attribution? These questions fuel ongoing research and contribute to the growing appreciation for a painter who, though shrouded in shadow, left behind a legacy of elegance, symbolism, and quiet beauty. The very act of contemplating his work becomes an invitation to delve deeper into the complexities of 17th-century French art and the lives of those artists whose stories have yet to be fully told.

Quick Facts

  • Artistic Movement Or Style: Baroque
  • Date Of Death: Living
  • Full Name: Simon Flocquet
  • Notable Artworks: ['The Goddess Fortuna Bestowing her Gifts']