Get a giclee of Title (Original): A True and Exact Plan of the Castle of Surat with the Project, Repairs, New works, Esplanade, and Part of the Town, and Town Walls around the Castle… - military engineering precision

Q: Is Title (Original): A True and Exact Plan of the Castle of Surat with the Project, Repairs, New works, Esplanade, and Part of the Town, and Town Walls around the Castle… under copyright?

No, this artwork is in the public domain.

Q: What is the thematic context of Title (Original): A True and Exact Plan of the Castle of Surat with the Project, Repairs, New works, Esplanade, and Part of the Town, and Town Walls around the Castle…?

military engineering precision, british raj expansion, eic colonial control, surat fortification plans, european military standards

Collectible Description

The master plan for renovating Surat Castle, made shortly after the East India Company assumed control of the fortress in 1759 – marking the first step towards the creation of the British Raj. This finely drafted manuscript represents the authoritative military engineer’s plan of Surat Castle, created shortly after the East India Company (EIC) assumed control of the fortress in 1759. The takeover of the Castle marked a milestone in the political history of India, as it represented the first time that the British had formally assumed sovereignty over Indian territory (as opposed to leasing land from Indian rulers), realizing the first formal step towards the creation of the ‘Company Raj’. Surat Castle, a monumental 16th Century edifice, rests along the banks of the Tapti River in the heart of the city, and was impressively built with walls 40 feet high and 13 feet thick, with the masonry bound together by iron strips and molten lead. However, when the EIC assumed control of the Castle, they found the medieval fortress in a state of disrepair. They charged Ludwig Felix de Gloss, identified on the map as “Lewis Felix D’Gloss”, a talented German-born Captain of the Bombay Engineers who served as the commandant of Surat Castle, with bringing its defenses up to current European military engineering standards. The Castle itself occupies the upper center of the plan, and the “Explanation of the Figures” identifies 64 key sites within the fort and in the surrounding city. The different fazes of the improvements to the castle, both completed and planned, are distinguished through colour coding. Additionally, the plan lends an usually detailed perspective on the medieval centre of a major Indian port city.The EIC first arrived in Surat in 1608, and the city served as their main base of operations in Western India until 1687 (when they moved their headquarters to Bombay). In the 1750s, the EIC cleverly exploited the infighting within the regime of the local naiwab that controlled Surat on behalf of the declining Mughal Empire. In 1759, it managed to strike a deal with the victorious claimants of the naibship, giving it sovereign control of Surat Castle.

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Artist Biography

Ludwig Felix de Gloss: A Military Engineer's Artistic Eye

Born: Berlin, Germany (Date Unknown)
Died: 1777
Known As: Ludwig Felix de Gloss, Lewis Felix D’Gloss
Profession: German-born Captain of the Bombay Engineers, Commandant of Surat Castle

Ludwig Felix de Gloss presents a fascinating intersection of military service and artistic talent. While primarily recognized as a skilled German military engineer in the service of the Anglo-Indian Army, his legacy also includes a body of paintings and drawings that offer a unique perspective on 18th-century India. His life story is largely pieced together from historical records related to his engineering work, particularly concerning the restoration and retrofitting of Surat Castle in Gujarat, India.

Early Life and Military Career

Details regarding de Gloss’s early life remain scarce. What is known is that he was a highly competent military engineer appointed as the commandant of Surat Castle. This strategic location held significant importance in the region, placing de Gloss responsible for its maintenance and defense. His role involved not only ensuring the castle's structural integrity but also overseeing improvements and adaptations to meet evolving military needs. The map of Surat, Gujarat, India, which he helped create, highlights his involvement in urban planning and infrastructure development within the context of British colonial presence.

Artistic Endeavors and Notable Works

Despite his primary role as a military engineer, de Gloss demonstrated artistic talent through paintings and drawings created during his time in India. These works provide valuable insights into the landscapes, architecture, and daily life of Surat in the 18th century. While documentation about his artistic training or influences is limited, his creations reveal a keen observational skill and an ability to capture detail with precision.

"A True and Exact Plan of the Castle of Surat...": This significant work, found on ArtsDot.com, showcases de Gloss’s engineering expertise combined with artistic rendering. It's not merely a technical drawing but also a visually compelling depiction of the castle and its surroundings.
Museum Holdings: De Gloss’s works are represented in several German museums, including:

Lehmbruck Museum (Duisburg)
Museum Ostdeutsche Galerie (Regensburg)
Niedersächsisches Landesmuseum (Hanover)
Lübecker Museen (Lübeck)

Historical Significance and Legacy

Ludwig Felix de Gloss’s historical significance lies in his dual role as a military engineer and an artist. His engineering contributions to Surat Castle are documented through maps and architectural plans, reflecting the Anglo-Indian presence in India during the 18th century. Simultaneously, his artistic works offer a rare glimpse into the visual culture of that era, providing valuable primary source material for historians and art enthusiasts alike. Though not widely known as an artist in his own time, his legacy is being rediscovered through museum collections and online platforms like ArtsDot.com, which are making his paintings and drawings accessible to a wider audience.

Ludwig Felix de Gloss

1777 , Germany

Quick Facts

Artistic Movement Or Style: Military Art
Date Of Death: 1777
Full Name: Ludwig Felix de Gloss
Nationality: German
Notable Artworks: ['A True and Exact Plan of the Castle of Surat']
Place Of Birth (City And Country): Berlin, Germany

Urban Visions: A Historical & Artistic Exploration of the Cityscape in Painting

Ludwig Felix De Gloss: The Full Collection

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Title (Original): A True and Exact Plan of the Castle of Surat with the Project, Repairs, New works, Esplanade, and Part of the Town, and Town Walls around the Castle…

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Collectible Description

Related Artworks

Artist Biography

Ludwig Felix de Gloss: A Military Engineer's Artistic Eye

Early Life and Military Career

Artistic Endeavors and Notable Works